Além da saúde: como o trabalho não remunerado e a vida social influenciam a participação do idoso no mercado de trabalho

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine associations between sociodemographic, health, work, and social life characteristics and the engagement in paid work among older Brazilians. We analyzed 22,726 individuals aged 60 years or older who participated in the 2019 National Health Survey. Multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regression, estimating odds ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals. Men's participation in paid work was significantly higher (30.9%) than women's (15.1%). For both sexes, participation decreased with advancing age and increased among those with higher education and better health conditions, such as good self-rated health, absence of chronic diseases, and no difficulties with activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Performing caregiving tasks reduced the chances of both men and women participating in the labor market, while engaging in domestic tasks increased this participation, especially among older adults with low education. Participation in social activities was positively associated with the chances of older men being in the labor market, as was high social support, especially among those with low education. The results suggest that, in addition to education and health, other variables also contribute to older adults' continued presence in the labor market, such as unpaid work and social life. These factors should therefore be further investigated, especially as they reveal important sex differences.